Main Article Content
Manoj Kumar Verma
Dr Shubhangi Sonkar
Dr Mohd Ziauddin
Deepak Kumar Pandey
Keywords
Maternal, pregnant females, fetal, LBW, GWG, Hb etc
Abstract
Introduction- Low birth weight is the major public health problem in todays world. The maternal weight gain and other nutritional indicators during pregnancy which are related to optimum foetal growth are the consequence of pre-pregnancy BMI (body mass index). Out of these indicators, maternal body mass composition and Hb% (haemoglobin percentage) are the two important parameters which determine maternal and fetal outcome. So our study focused on these two parameters to see their effect on birth weight and APGAR score of the newborn
Material and Methods- This study was an observational cross-sectional hospital based study done in pediatrics department in collaboration with obstetrics & gynaecology department of Government Medical college, Azamgarh, UP on a total of 150 pregnant females. The maternal variables assessed were gestational age, nutritional status and various anthropometric measurements and neonatal variables assessed in our study were gestational age, fetal birth weight, length, ponderal index, APGAR score etc. All the demographic and other parameters were noted and statistically analyzed using SPSS 20.
Result- The mean age of participants in our study was 28.01±8.67yrs with maximum subjects falling into the age group of 20-29yrs. Maximum subjects were anemic and had low BMI, less fat and fat free mass (FFM) leading into fetal low birth weight (LBW) with low ponderal index in babies. All the parameters were lowest in severely anemic group and improved along with the improvement in hemoglobin levels except the APGAR score. As far as GWG is concerned, it was seen that in normal BMI class, majority of subjects had adequate GWG, whereas underweight group had insufficient GWG and overweight and obese group had excessive GWG.
Conclusion- The current research revealed the importance of better maternal body composition, before and during pregnancy along with maternal anthropometrics for superior neonatal outcomes. Hence before and during pregnancy, maternal nutritional status should be taken care off.
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