EN
Kagu Rhynochetos jubatus
- Summary
- Text account
- Data table and detailed info
- Distribution map
- Reference and further resources
- Summary
- Text account
- Data table and detailed info
- Distribution map
- Reference and further resources
Current view: Data table and detailed info
Taxonomy
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | A3e+4ad; C2a(i) | A3e+4ad; B1ab(ii,v); C2a(i); D1+2 |
Red List history
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Endangered | A3e+4ad; C2a(i) |
| 2016 | Endangered | B1ab(iii,iv) |
| 2013 | Endangered | B1ab(iii,iv,v);C2a(i) |
| 2012 | Endangered | B1ab(iii,iv,v);C2a(i) |
| 2008 | Endangered | B1a+b(ii,iii,iv,v) |
| 2004 | Endangered | |
| 2000 | Endangered | |
| 1996 | Endangered | |
| 1994 | Endangered | |
| 1988 | Threatened |
Species attributes
| Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | high |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
Range
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 7,400 km2 | medium |
| Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident) | 2,000 km2 | |
| Number of locations | 3-5 | - |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
Population
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | 250-999 mature individuals | poor | suspected | 2019 |
| Population trend | decreasing | medium | inferred | 2016-2061 |
| Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 50-79% | - | - | - |
| Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 50-79% | - | - | - |
| Generation length | 15 years | - | - | - |
| Number of subpopulations | 3-5 | - | - | - |
| Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 1-89% | - | - | - |
Population justification: Kagu has a skewed sex ratio, with 42% hatchlings being female (Theuerkaufet al.2018). Additionally, only about half of all individuals are considered to be mature (J. Theuerkaufin litt.2018). The proportion of mature individuals is therefore estimated to be 42% (50% multiplied by 84%).
In Parc des Grandes Fougères, the population was estimated at over 1000 individuals in 2016, based on seven families followed by radiotracking, before the population underwent a reduction when two dogs killed half of all radio-tagged individuals over two months in 2017, resulting in over 75% of Kagu families in the park being destroyed (J. Theuerkauf in litt. 2016, 2018). The population in Parc des Grandes Fougères is therefore suspected to number 250-1,000 individuals.In Parc Provincial Rivière Bleue, 500 individuals were estimated in 2007, with an observed population reduction rate of c.20% every 4 years between 2002 and 2012 (J. Theuerkauf in litt.2018). The population in Parc Provincial Rivière Bleue is suspected to number 256-500 individuals.
Surveys outside the aforementioned parks have estimated a population size of 491 mature individuals in 1991-1992, and 357 individuals in 2003-2006, but these figures may have been underestimates (Hunt 1996,Y. Létocart and C. Lambertin litt.1999, J.-M. Mériotin litt.2007). The population size on the remainder of the island is suspected to fall in the range 95-500 individuals. The total population size is therefore estimated at 601-2,000individuals (rounded here to 600-2,000 individuals) and 252-840 mature individuals, here placed in the band 250 - 999 mature individuals.
Trend justification: The subpopulation in Parc des Grandes Fougères was estimated at over 1,000 individuals in 2016, but75% of Kagu families in the park were destroyed when two dogs killed half of all radio-tagged individuals over two months in 2017 (J. Theuerkauf in litt. 2016, 2018). In Parc Provincial Rivière Bleue, the population was estimated at 500 birds in 2007, with an observed reduction of c.20% every 4 years between 2002 and 2012 as a result of predation by dogs (J. Theuerkaufin litt.2018). Trends outside Parc des Grandes Fougère and Parc Provincial Rivière Bleue are not known, but it is suspected that predation by dogs may also be affecting population numbers elsewhere (J. Theuerkauf in litt. 2018).The species is therefore inferred to be undergoing a continuing decline in mature individuals. It is not known whether the overall population size has undergone a reduction over the past three generation, or whether it has undergone short-term declines followed by recoveries.Taking a precautionary approach, the overall rate of decline is placed in the band 50-79% across three generations and this rate of decline is projected to continue into the future.
Country/territory distribution
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Caledonia (to France) | extant | native | yes |
Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| New Caledonia (to France) | Hautes vallées des rivières Néaoua, Koua et Kouaoua |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Prokoméo |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Pic Ningua |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Mé Maoya |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Massifs du Grand Sud - entre le mont Humboldt et la rivière Bleue |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Massif du Mé Kanin, Sphinx et Arago |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Massif des Lèvres |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Grand Koum |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Goro Jé et haute vallée de la rivière Amoa |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Forêt Plate |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Entre Table Unio et Farino |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Entre les monts Rembaï et Canala |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Goro Até et haute vallée de la rivière Tchamba |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Entre les monts Nakada et Do |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Entre les monts Cidoa et Bwa Bwi |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Dent de Saint-Vincent |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Bwa Opana |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Boulinda |
| New Caledonia (to France) | Aoupinié |
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | suitable | resident |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Moist | suitable | resident |
| Altitude | 0 - 1400 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Energy production & mining | Mining & quarrying | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Canis familiaris | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus rattus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rusa timorensis | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Sus domesticus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Natural system modifications | Fire & fire suppression - Trend Unknown/Unrecorded | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
| |||||||||
Utilisation
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | non-trivial | recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | international | non-trivial | recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Rhynochetosjubatus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/kagu-rhynochetos-jubatus on 10/06/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org on 10/06/2024.
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